The majority opinion was particularly concerned by the "extreme" nature of this case, and considered the amount of campaign contributions in comparison to the total amount contributed and to the total amount spent in the election, along with the temporal relationship bewteen the campign contributions, the justice's election, and the pendency of this case. The Court noted that the "extraordinary contributions were made at a time when he [the donor] had a vested stake in the outcome" of the election due to his case that was being appealed to the West Virginia Supreme Court.
The dissenting opinion by Justice Roberts raises concerns about how to implement the standard of what gives rise to the "probability" or "appearance" of bias. The dissent lists 40 questions that courts will have to answer in order to decide a recusal issue, such as (#1) how much money is too much money, (#7) how long does the probability of bias last, and (#13) must the judge's vote be outcome determinative in order for his non-recusal to constitute a due process violation?
Labels: Campaign contributions, Judge, Recusal, US Supreme Couty, West Virginia